He collected King Arthur out of the shadows, and Merlin. Back goes the history of us all to Brutus the Trojan, the grandson of Aeneas. His book has rightly been called one of the most influential ever written. In his splendidly fabulous Historia Regum Britanniae Geoffrey had at heart the Britain of the British, rather than of the English or the Normans. Seemingly in answer to Henry it was quickly filled, the Welsh Geoffrey of Monmouth at once knowing how, why, when and by whom. No one can imagine, he says, how the stones were raised or why. This second of the wonders is made of stones like doorways. He was straightforward in his mention of it. Legend may have solidified circle into sphere, but still it is with Henry, Archdeacon of Huntingdon, in 1130, that Stonehenge enters into history indisputably and in a dangerous way. It was spherical, a temple in the shape of a ball. Diodorus, though, did not say that the temple was circular. Supposing that temple were Stonehenge, here at least would be a terminus a quo, since Hecataeus wrote in the fourth century B.C. Drawing from lost accounts by Hecataeus of Abdera and others, he had written that the fabled Hyperboreans in their island in the north, next to Gaul, were supposed to have worshipped Apollo to the music of the cythera in what the antiquaries translated as a “circular” temple. Antiquaries have fancied a reference to it in Diodorus Siculus. In fact, his is the earliest record of Stonehenge. Henry is the first to mention its not altogether soluble name, in the form of “Stanenges”. The first is the great cave of Wookey Hole in the Mendips, the third winds issuing from caverns in the Peak, the fourth a not very clearly explained phenomenon of the atmosphere. In Henry’s Historia Anglorum, written about 1130, Stonehenge is the second of the four wonders of England. It was a notable mystery of form, a wonder of artifice, even for Henry of Huntingdon in the Middle Ages. The moment Stonehenge was seen from any direction across the green turf the order was obvious, hitting the eye and the imagination. They were rough and less ordered in their decay. Avebury and the many other megalithic structures were not so precise. Kendrick in our century have made much of the regularity of Stonehenge-its “order”, “symmetry” and its “stately” element (Inigo Jones), its “severe precision”, its “balanced stateliness” (Kendrick) distinctions which have given the two of them particular notions of its date and its builders. The architect Inigo Jones in the seventeenth century and Dr. I believe, though, there is one other reason, most important in the story, and Avebury unknown. Taking these two alone, Avebury and Stonehenge, the answer to the neglect of the one and the notice of the other might be first that Stonehenge stood so eminent by its isolation on the Plain, and second, that some degree of veneration may-that critical word in the recent literature of Stonehenge which implies “or may not”-may have clung to it through the Celtic period and the Romano-Celtic period until the Saxon invasions whereas Avebury, involved with cottages, was half-hidden in a shallow wooded valley, while the veneration of what is certainly the more ancient structure had died away much earlier. No one remarked upon it until John Aubrey went hunting on the morrow of Twelfth Night in 1648 and the chase led him into the closes of Avebury village, where he was “wonderfully surprised” by the stones and the bank and the ditch. No mention of the Avebury complex is known before the seventeenth century. In the word “Avebury” the burh no doubt referred to the earthworks, but the Avebury complex does not seem to have struck the imagination, as though the name called to mind only the Saxon settlement, the later village which sprawled indifferently among the stones, and the parish. The name at least meant the stone structure and nothing else, no settlement, no village, no parish in the green of Salisbury Plain. It may mean that the stones appear to be hinged, or that they look like gallows for hanging, or (the most likely solution) that the lintels were hanging stones, or stones poised in the air. Why, for instance, did no one notice the huge megalithic complex at Avebury, only a few miles to the north? Stonehenge has an English name which must vividly have conveyed its nature at one time, though the interpretation is uncertain. Why, almost alone of the megalithic structures of pre-history, was Stonehenge noticed and celebrated through the Middle Ages, from early at least in the twelfth century? That is the fair question to begin with.
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One-touch controls for downpack, backfill. If you are looking to Purchase intraoral sensor in UAE, SybronEndo Elements Motor (Endodontic Motor), then you can conveniently find it on. Intuitive User Interface: With an easy to read LCD screen, the Elements Motor is easy to learn how to use. Product Description Manufacturer: SybronEndo Model: REF 077-0137 Description: Root Canal Fill System System B.Fully Autoclavable Motor/Cable: Easily detaches from the console.6 Presets: This motor provides recommended setting for TF Adaptive, K3/K3XF, TF, LightSpeed, M4 and a Custom Settings.Also programmed for use with other SybronEndo NiTi Files and the M4 Safety HandpieceĬontains: motor console, motor handpiece, foot pedal, 8:1 push button contra angle, power cords and Instructions. Kerr Endodontics’ proprietary 4th generation Elements Apex Locator offers a major breakthrough in software and hardware technology the first. elements e-motion: includes motor console, KaVo INTRA LUX Motor KL 207 LED, foot pedal, 8:1 handpiece, power cords. When you’re doing a root canal, you need to get to the point, the apex, predictably, efficiently and accurately. Four handpiece mounting options to comfortably accommodate left or right handed use. Provides dentists with the benefits of rotary when you want it and reciprocation when you need it SybronEndo Elements Diagnostic Apex Locator root canal W/O Satellite.It might or might not reciprocate and does not pull into the canal.ĭesigned to work with SybronEndo TF Flexible Endodontic File System a business first invention Which Allows the TF Adaptive file to self-adjust to intra-canal torsional forces and brought to you by the inventor of the K-File, blending the intellect of the Elements Motor with the flexibility of the NiTi Twisted Files. The Elements Motor adjusts the motion dependent on the amount of pressure on the file. SybronEndo Elements Motor is an Endodontic Motor Using Adaptive Motion Main characters Kristin "Kristy" Amanda Thomas Chapter 3-15: Continuation of plot and conclusion, usually accompanied with a subplot.Chapter 2: Description of the club and it's members, along with the character's family.Chapter 1: Introduction to character beginning of plot.With the exception of Super Specials and Super Mysteries, the novels are written and narrated from one character's point of view. Of these, Martin estimates she wrote from 60 to 80. When publishing ceased in 2000, there had been 213 novels published in the series. By the time the sixth novel was published, the first printing was up to 100,000 copies. It was initially planned as a four-book series, but after the first four novels were moderately successful, Scholastic ordered two more, followed by twelve more as the series grew in popularity. Martin, who took the general idea of a babysitter's club, and created the characters, plots, and settings for the series. The idea for The Baby-Sitters Club series originated with Jean Feiwel, an editor at Scholastic who saw the popularity of a novel called Katie's Babysitting Job realized there was a market for novels about babysitting. The novels are told in first-person narrative and deal with issues such as illness, moving, and divorce.Īs the series progressed, Dawn Schafer (Alternate Officer), Mallory Pike and Jessi Ramsey (Junior Officers), Logan Bruno (Associate Member), Shannon Kilbourne (second Associate Officer), and Abby Stevenson (Replacement Alternate Officer for Dawn) joined the club. The original four members were Kristy Thomas (founder and president), Mary Anne Spier (secretary), Claudia Kishi (vice-president), and Stacey McGill (treasurer), but the number of members varies throughout the series. The Baby-Sitters Club is about a group of friends living in the fictional, suburban town of Stoneybrook, Connecticut who run a local babysitting service called "The Baby-Sitters Club". Martin wrote an estimated 60-80 novels in the series, but the subsequent novels were written by ghostwriters, such as Peter Lerangis. Martin and published by Scholastic between 19, that sold 180 million copies. The Baby-Sitters Club (also known as BSC) is a series of novels written by Ann M. Official logo for both the novel and TV series. For the 1995 film, see The Baby-Sitters Club (film). For the 2020 TV series, see The Baby-Sitters Club (2020 TV series). For the 1990 TV series, see The Baby-Sitters Club (1990 TV series). The combination of Alexander Scourby reading the King James Bible is an. Although many have recorded the Bible over the years, no one could ever match Scourbys unparalleled and majestic reading. Since then, millions have been sold the world over. The combination of Alexander Scourby reading the King James Bible is an incomparable hearing experience. Alexander Scourby was the first to record the King James Bible on audio in the early 1950s. Although many have recorded the Bible over the years, no one could ever match Scourby`s unparalleled and majestic reading. Since then millions have been sold the World over. The King James translators used the Tyndale and Wycliffe translations in the Publishing of the King James Bible in 1611, commonly referred to as "The Holy Bible".Īlexander Scourby was the first to record the King James Bible on audio in the early 1950s. William Tyndale translated the Bible into English in 15 century England. John Wycliffe first translated the entire Bible (both Old and New Testaments) into English in 13th century England. The Hebrew Bible was then translated into Greek and finally into English. The authorship of the remaining 10 Books of the New Testament belong to the disciples of Jesus Christ. The Apostle Paul pinned authorship to 13 of the 27 Books of the New Testament. The four New Testament Gospels were pinned by Matthew, Mark, Luke, John. The Old Testament Books of the minor prophets bear the author`s name as well. The Books of Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Daniel bear the names of the Prophets who wrote them. David wrote much of Psalms while Solomon wrote the books of The Song of Solomon and Ecclesiastes. Moses compiled the earlier parts of Genesis and directly authored the remaining portion. Many of the books of the Old Testament bear the names of the prophets who authored them. The Old Testament was written in Biblical Hebrew, excluding the books written during "the Chaldean captivity" such as Daniel and Ezra which were written in "Biblical Aramaic" during the "Chaldean captivity". Thy Word is a LAMP unto my FEET and LIGHT unto my PATH Psalm 119:105. The books of the Bible were written at different times by different authors over a period of approximately 1,500 years from around 1400 BC through 90 AD. Activate the POWER of the Bible by HEARING THY WORD. "Blessed is he that readeth, and they that hear the words of this prophecy, and keep those things which are written therein: for the time is at hand." (Rev: 1-3) Book of I Samuel, King James Bible by Scourby Bible Media narrated by Alexander Scourby. This will give us a sense of how a n a_n a n evolves. If we are unsure whether a n a_n a n gets smaller, we can look at the initial term and the ratio, or even calculate some of the first terms. If a n a_n a n gets smaller, we cannot guarantee that the series will be convergent, but if a n a_n a n is constant or gets bigger as we increase n n n, we can definitely say that the series will be divergent. We explain them in the following section.įor a series to be convergent, the general term a n a_n a n has to get smaller for each increase in the value of n n n. The conditions that a series has to fulfill for its sum to be a number (this is what mathematicians call convergence), are, in principle, simple. The only thing you need to know is that not every series has a defined sum. Do not worry though because you can find excellent information in the Wikipedia article about limits.Įven if you can't be bothered to check what the limits are, you can still calculate the infinite sum of a geometric series using our calculator. Their complexity is the reason that we have decided to just mention them, and to not go into detail about how to calculate them. Talking about limits is a very complex subject, and it goes beyond the scope of this calculator. It can also be used to try to define mathematically expressions that are usually undefined, such as zero divided by zero or zero to the power of zero. This is a mathematical process by which we can understand what happens at infinity. For this, we need to introduce the concept of limit. As you'll learn in the following sections, the infinite sum may not exist!Īfter seeing how to obtain the geometric series formula for a finite number of terms, it is natural (at least for mathematicians) to ask how can I compute the infinite sum of a geometric sequence? It might seem impossible to do so, but certain tricks allow us to calculate this value in a few simple steps. In the latter case, it suffices to input the starting and final point of the sum, and you can enjoy the result. Our tool can also compute the sum of your sequence: all of it or a final portion. You can change the starting and final terms according to your needs. By default, the calculator displays the first five terms of your sequence.Based on that, the calculator determines the whole of your geometric sequence. the common ratio and some n th term or.the common ratio and the first term of the sequence.First, tell us what you know about your sequence by picking the value of the Type:.Here's a brief description of how the calculator is structured: Now that you know what a geometric sequence is and how to write one in both the recursive and explicit formula, it is time to apply your knowledge and calculate some stuff! With our tool, you can calculate all properties of geometric sequences, such as the common ratio, the initial term, the n-th last term, etc. But if we consider only the numbers 6, 12, 24, the GCF would be 6 and the LCM would be 24. For example, in the sequence 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, the GCF is 3, and the LCM would be 48. Conversely, the LCM is just the biggest of the numbers in the sequence. This means that the GCF (see GCF calculator) is simply the smallest number in the sequence. Indeed, what it is related to is the greatest common factor (GFC) and lowest common multiplier (LCM) since all the numbers share a GCF or an LCM if the first number is an integer. First of all, we need to understand that even though the geometric progression is made up by constantly multiplying numbers by a factor, this is not related to the factorial (see factorial calculator). We also include a couple of geometric sequence examples.īefore we dissect the definition properly, it's important to clarify a few things to avoid confusion. If you are struggling to understand what a geometric sequences is, don't fret! We will explain what this means in more simple terms later on and take a look at the recursive and explicit formula for a geometric sequence. The geometric sequence definition is that a collection of numbers, in which all but the first one, are obtained by multiplying the previous one by a fixed, non-zero number called the common ratio. So I sat down, opened up the phone book and thumbed to the J's, cause I wanted it to match my first name." She saw 'James', but rejected "Jenna James" because it "sounds too porno". As for picking her permanent professional name, she said, "I had to come up with a good name. Her first stage name as a dancer was "Jennasis", which she later used as the name of a business that she incorporated ("Jennasis Killing Co."). After six months, she was earning US$2,000 per night, before graduating from Bonanza High School. After she was rejected from the Crazy Horse Too strip club because of her braces, she removed them with pliers and was accepted. Her boyfriend Jack encouraged her to apply for jobs as a dancer, and in 1991, though underage, she began dancing in Las Vegas strip clubs using a fake identification. She was hired at Disneyland Resort, but she left after two months, stating concerns over the schedule and salary. She tried to follow in her mother's career as a Las Vegas showgirl, but most shows rejected her for not having the then-typical height of 5 feet 8 inches (173 cm). According to E!, her brother Tony, who later owned a tattoo parlor himself, added the inscription "Heart Breaker". Jack was a tattoo artist and gave her the first of a series of tattoos, one of which would become her trademark tattoo, two hearts on her right buttock. Rather than tell her father, she left home and moved in with Jack in her first serious relationship. Preacher has denied the rape ever occurred. She reported being raped a second time while still 16 by "Preacher", her boyfriend Jack's biker uncle. The incident began after she attempted to hitchhike home and that she entered the car of the four boys while believing that she would be driven to her home. Jameson wrote in her autobiography that in October 1990, when she was 16 years old and while the family was living on a cattle ranch in Fromberg, Montana, she was beaten with rocks and gang raped by four boys after a football game at Fromberg High School. In a featurette on the Zombie Strippers DVD, Jameson indicates she trained in dance for 15 years. Jameson was a frequent entrant in beauty pageants as a child and enrolled in ballet classes throughout her childhood. She and her older brother Tony were raised Catholic, though they were essentially left to parent each other. The cancer treatments bankrupted the family and they relocated in Nevada, Arizona and Montana, usually living in a trailer home or with her paternal grandmother. Her mother died of melanoma on February 20, 1976, two months before her daughter's second birthday. Her mother, Judith Brooke Hunt, was a Las Vegas showgirl who danced in the Folies Bergère show at the Tropicana Resort & Casino. Her father, Laurence Henry Massoli, was a police officer at the Las Vegas Sheriff's Department and program director for KSNV-DT. Jenna Marie Massoli was born on April 9, 1974, in Las Vegas, Nevada. Although she no longer performs in pornographic films, she began working as a webcam model in 2013. Jameson announced her retirement from pornography at the 2008 AVN Awards, stating that she would never return to the industry. Her 2004 autobiography, How to Make Love Like a Porn Star: A Cautionary Tale, spent six weeks on The New York Times Best Seller list. Playboy TV hosted her Jenna's American Sex Star reality show, in which aspiring porn stars competed for a ClubJenna contract. Her mainstream appearances continued with several guest-hosting and guest-starring on various television programs. Jameson has also crossed over into mainstream pop culture, starting with a minor role in Howard Stern's 1997 film Private Parts. By 2005, ClubJenna had revenues of US$30 million with profits estimated at half that. The first such movie, Briana Loves Jenna (with Briana Banks), was named at the 2003 AVN Awards as the best-selling and best-renting pornographic title for 2002. Initially, a single website, this business expanded into managing similar websites of other stars and began producing sexually explicit videos in 2001. Jameson founded the adult-entertainment company ClubJenna in 2000 with Jay Grdina, whom she later married and divorced. She has since won more than 35 adult-video awards, and has been inducted into the X-Rated Critics Organization (XRCO) and Adult Video News (AVN) Halls of Fame. By 1996, she had won the "Top Newcomer" award from each of the three major adult movie organizations. She started acting in erotic videos in 1993 after having worked as a stripper and glamour model. She has been named the world's most famous adult entertainment performer and "The Queen of Porn". Jenna Marie Massoli (born April 9, 1974), known professionally as Jenna Jameson ( / ˈ dʒ eɪ m ə s ə n/), is an American former pornographic film actress, businesswoman, writer and television personality. It’s always once in a blue moon that Genshin Impact can give us banner reruns that go so hard. You definitely don’t want to skip this banner. If you’ve got a lot of DPS and are lacking in any better supports, Yelan is the one you should go for! So, if you’re looking for a meta DPS character, Hu Tao is your best bet. As such, her versatility doesn't tie her down to one role and lets her slot into different roles for different teams, unlike Hu Tao who must always be the DPS. You won’t also need to invest as much, as the free 4-star event weapon Fading Twilight works well for her, and even the 3-star bows Slingshot and Recurve bow are great free-to-play options.īut while Yelan is often pegged as a support, she can still be a fearsome DPS with enough investment and in the right teams. Yelan’s Hydro attacks from her burst scale off of her Max HP, making her quite an easy character to build. Yelan, like Hu Tao, also benefits from having tons of HP, but in her case, she doesn’t need to always be on the brink of death. Her skill allows her to do a fast dash that ties enemies together with Hydro threads, dealing Hydro DMG, while her burst (like Xingqiu’s) deals coordinated Hydro DMG. Yelan also has a unique kit that’s easier to utilize compared to Hu Tao's. Characters like Alhaitham, Tighnari, Yoimiya, Yanfei, and basically any DPS character that isn’t Geo would want to have her in their team. In fact, Yelan is arguably the best Hydro support you can put into teams that depend on Hydro-related reactions. It also just so happens that Yelan is the final piece to complete Hu Tao’s ultimate team! If you need a support, go for Yelanīut Yelan isn’t only tied to Hu Tao. With her best-in-slot weapon Staff of Homa, Xingqiu to act as her battery and Hydro support, as well as a shielder like Zhongli, she’s basically almost unstoppable. You can also even settle for 4-star weapons like Dragon’s Bane or Deathmatch.Įitherway, Hu Tao can only get better and better when you choose to dedicate some cash or hard-earned Primogems to her ultimate team and build. Her ATK increases when her HP is below 50%, so players will have to find the perfect balance of taking damage, as well as be great at dodging enemy attacks to not prematurely send Hu Tao off to the afterlife.īut this hurdle is pretty easy to get over once you get a hang of Hu Tao’s attack style and gameplay.Īs such, Hu Tao can carry you through most of the tough battles you can encounter, and she’s great even with little investment!Ī lot of her best supports are 4-star characters you may already have in your team too, like Xingqiu, Xiangling, and Sucrose. Hu Tao is a 5-star Pyro Polearm user with a kit that’s not at all beginner-friendly. If you’re lacking a DPS character, or are having a hard time clearing end-game content like the Spiral Abyss, then Hu Tao may be the better choice. Your decision making for this banner combo solely depends on what you need the most in your account: do you need a DPS or a Support? So we’re pretty sure it’s hard to decide which character to pull for! Here’s everything you need to know to help you decide to pull for either, because this is a run you definitely don’t want to miss. Her kit, which is similar to Xingqiu’s, focuses on buffing her team's attacks and dealing off-field Hydro DMG that synergises with your chosen DPS, allowing you to utilise a lot of powerful elemental reactions like Vaporize, Electro-Charged, Frozen, and Bloom for added DMG. Yelan, on the other hand, has become one of the game's most sought after Hydro supports. Her kit features powerful Pyro DMG, and although a lot of meta-breaking 5-stars have debuted since she entered the game, Hu Tao is undeniably unbeaten as a soul-ferrying force of devastation for your enemies! Hu Tao, who had her first rerun a year ago, has been one of the strongest 5-star DPS characters in the game since her release way back in 2021. Genshin Impact version 3.4's second half features one of the best event banners in the game so far, with both Hu Tao and Yelan having their reruns together! There are many advantages to using an outboard motor. What are the advantages of outboard motors? While outboards are very versatile, they’re not without their limitations. Especially large boats and specially designed boats like ski boats that use inboard engines for a variety of reasons. Some common boats that use outboard motors are:Īlthough outboard motors can be equipped with many different boat styles, they cannot be used for every type of boat. Many types of boats use outboard motors, and odds are most of the recreational vessels you see on the water are using them. Since then, outboard motors have had many advancements to make them faster, more fuel efficient, run cleaner, and more lightweight. If the name Evinrude sounds familiar, that’s because Evinrude Motors, founded by Ole Evinrude, had been an outboard company for years. The earliest version was a one-cylinder engine rated at a whopping 1.5 horsepower. The first commercially successful version of the outboard boat engine was invented by Ole Evinrude in 1909. Still, with essentially the same motor design, many boats today use outboards to make them go. That’s a long time considering all the technological advancements over the last 100+ years. Interestingly enough, outboard motors have been around for over 100 years. Though you don’t have to be a mechanic to own an outboard motor, it certainly helps to know the basic components so you can identify possible problems and administer routine maintenance. Lower unit – includes the propellor, water intake, and skeg (the lowest part).Mid-Section – the middle part of an outboard that contains the bracket that allows the motor to be mounted to a transom, as well as other parts such as the exhaust system.The powerhead houses many of the moving parts such as the cylinders, pistons, drive shaft, spark plugs, and many more parts. Outboard motors consist of a myriad of different parts, but to put it simply, they are comprised of: Jet drive outboard motors are useful in shallow water areas, or areas with abundant hazards than can damage a standard propellor. Jet drive motors use the engine to force water through a strong water pump, which then thrusts the boat forward. Outboards are typically equipped with standard propellor blades, but some utilize a jet drive. Additionally, while inboard motors are fixed, outboards can tilt the trim of the lower unit to help with running in shallow water and getting on plane easier. Outboard motors serve the purpose of propelling and steering the boat, whereas inboard motors have the propellor and rudder as separate components. An outboard motor is essentially a rudder that has a propellor connected to an engine. Rudders have been a component of boats for hundreds of years all the way back to the earliest seafaring vessels. A rudder is the vertical and flat-shaped piece of material on the bottom part of a boat that’s used to steer. The federal laws of the patient-psychotherapist privilege were set in place in 1996 following a U.S. These include legal proceedings where the defendant raises the issue of their mental health, involuntary hospitalizations, and where a judge orders an evaluation. There are, however, several exceptions to privilege. As a result, the clinician cannot testify in court about the communication that was made between them and the patient unless the patient waves their right to privilege. The term “privilege” is a legal term and is the right of a patient to withhold any communication with their clinician from court proceedings as long as the communication was confidential and free of presence or knowledge by third parties. It is important to note that the meaning of the term “confidentiality” is not the same as “privilege.” Confidentiality refers to an ethical concept which declares that clinicians must keep patients’ information private unless the patient (or legally appointed surrogate decision maker) provides consent for that information to be disclosed, a court order is made by a judge requesting a release of information, the (minimum necessary) information must be communicated for continued treatment of the patient such as in cases of civil commitment, and finally when mandatory reporting is required such as in suspected child abuse or the Tarasoff warning. There have been no established standard legal guidelines for assessing the risk to third parties. The provider must take reasonable precautions of protecting third parties such as notifying the identifiable victim(s), notifying the police, or hospitalizing the patient voluntarily/involuntarily. The guidelines state that a patient must express a clear threat of killing or significantly injuring a specific (or at least a reasonably identified victim), voice threats of destruction of property that may place others in danger, express intent, and also possess the ability to execute the threat. The American Psychiatric Association established guidelines for physicians on the ‘duty to protect’ in 1987. There have been other extensions to the duty to protect third parties such as in the instances where a patient should not be operating a motor vehicle as a result of certain conditions, patient notification of medication side effects as well as risks of a procedure, and when a patient may transmit an infectious disease to the public. A famous quote made by Justice Tobriner that summarized the decision stated: “The protective privilege ends where the public peril begins.” Following a rehearing of the case in 1976, Tarasoff II established not only a duty to warn potential victims by clinicians, but also to take reasonable precautions to protect these third parties of the significant danger posed by patients. Tarasoff filed a lawsuit against the University of California, resulting in the Tarasoff I decision which required mental health providers to warn potential victims. Poddar was released provided that he return to India, his home country, immediately. Authorities subsequently charged him with 2nd-degree murder however, five years following these events, Mr. Tarasoff, shot her with a pellet gun and stabbed her numerous times. from her trip in October and on October 27th of 1969, Mr. Harvey Powelson, learned of the events, he demanded the destruction of all clinical notes as well as the letter which was sent to the campus police by Dr. Poddar to a nearby hospital to initiate an involuntary examination. Moore notified the campus police and requested that they bring Mr. Lawrence Moore, that he was going to kill Ms. Poddar disclosed to his psychologist, Dr. During a counseling session in August of 1969, Mr. Poddar began struggling mentally regarding the circumstances and began seeing a counselor at Cowell Memorial Hospital at the recommendation of a friend in 1969. Tarasoff however, she did not reciprocate. In the fall of 1968, a man named Prosenjit Poddar, who was a student at the University of California at Berkeley, met a woman named Tatiana Tarasoff at a dance class. Regents of the University of California that took place in the 1970s and comprised of two rulings known as the Tarasoff I (1974) and Tarasoff II (1976). This concept of ‘duty to warn’ stems from California Supreme Court case of Tarasoff v. Confidentiality plays a critical role in patient care however, there may be special circumstances where confidentiality must be breached in order to not only ensure the safety of the patient but also to protect third parties. So the obvious starting point for a better analogue solid-state guitar amp seemed to be to go with discrete JFETs in the preamp and MOSFETS in the power amp. And if you try to overdrive it, it instantly goes from "too clean to be any good" to "so harsh that it's really nasty". That recipe works wonderfully well for Hi-Fi, but when you apply it to a guitar amp, the cleans are sterile and "too clean". With BJTs comes a huge excess of ugly sounding distortion, a huge excess of voltage gain, and a huge excess of negative feedback to tame the ugly distortion. In a nutshell, I realized that most of the problems with typical solid-stage guitar amps come from the use of BJTs. I had been kicking around some theoretical reasons, too, before I ever stumbled across Runoff Groove. Happy to continue the conversation in the interim!Ĭlick to expand.John, that website, and a few clips of surprisingly good-sounding Runoffgroove pedals I found on You Tube, was one reason I wanted to experiment with JFETs in a guitar amp. When I get a chance I will have a look at the "Amp challenge". as do the FETs - particulalry the output MOSFETs which need to be lateral (audio) devices - rather than the el-cheapo switching types. or even a switch-mode PSU, and,Ģ) The transformers add to the cost. Similarly I have used an iron-core mains transformer rather than a toroid. that might be a problem!ġ) The use of an output transformer adds weight. rather than connecting your guitar to your hi-fi system!Īs for your requirements of light weight and low cost. I have had a few Musos try it and they seem impressed. My design outlook was, as you have suggested, to get away from the "op-amp" standard design and I have, as far as possible, used the same "architecture" as the AC-30 - same number of stages same type of stages no negative feedback scaled component values to match operating voltages / currents same tone control network etc etc. sounds like we are on parallel paths here. I've been thinking "JFET / MOSFET" for some time, but haven't really made a start on anything other than the housing. It needs to be inexpensive (because of my current financial situation, and his) and solid-state (to keep weight down). For some time I've been wanting to build him a decent-sounding guitar amp. One reason I have an interest in a decent-sounding solid-state guitar amp, is that I have a friend with a physical impairment that makes it hard for him to handle anything heavy. Love for novel solid-state guitar amp innovations might be a bit thin on the ground. A lot of oddball and unusual guitar amp ideas were discussed on that thread.Įlsewhere on the Instruments & Amps forum, things tend to be much more conservative, and you tend to find mostly questions about repairing mass-produced guitar amps and other electronics. You might also consider posting to the "Hundred Buck Amp Challenge" thread in this forum. Also keeping away the large amounts of negative feedback found in most integrated opamps and power amps, for more progressive clipping behaviour. I've daydreamed about doing a lot of the same things you did, particularly the JFET/ MOSFET/ output transformer thing. While I could write lots more I will perhaps wait for any specific questions and/or general interest first. This provides some tonal differences liked by musicians (Clean / Crunch) Is switchable between Class A(?) (like the VOX AC-30) and Class B for more “conventional” operation. Lower damping factor substantially changes the dynamic characteristics of the speakersĨ. Output Damping factor of transformer is much “looser” than solid state ampsħ. which provides significantly tonal differences to direct-coupled circuitsĦ. Amp architecture / signal path / tone controls based on the (classic) VOX AC-30 amplifierĥ. JFET’s (small signal) and specialist MOSFET’s (power)Ĥ. Does not use ANY Integrated Circuits (in the signal path)ģ. I have most recently completed a few different versions of a Solid State Guitar Amplifier modeled on the (classic) VOX AC-30. but rather because my (then teenage) son was. Some time ago I started building custom Guitar Amplifiers. I would like to get a few comments please. |
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